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Study of effects of aluminium chloride on histological structure of liver and spleen in pregnant rats and their offspring
Houriya MESTAGHANMI,Souad EL AMRANI,Imane M’TOUGUY,Rachid SAILE
Technologies de Laboratoire , 2011,
Abstract: Histological study of organs reflects the General State of animals, including, if they are subject to treatment. The purpose of our study is to elucidate the effect of the administration of different doses (50, 100 and 200 mg/Kg/day) of aluminum chloride during the days 9-13 of gestation on the histological structure of the liver and the spleen of pregnant rats and their offspring. In pregnant rats, AlCl3 leads, at the level of the liver, to a very important development of the connective tissue of the centrilobular vein, with inflammatory foci and hepatocyte injury. While at the level of the spleen, there is a development of the white pulp against the red pulp with an abundance of conjunctive fibres and dilation of the lining of arterioles, which reflects a failure of the circulatory system. The fetuses of rats treated by AlCl3, show no change in the histological structure of the spleen. The AlCl3 action is more marked than mothers in their fetuses. This certifies that the placenta forms a more or less selective barrier to some constituents, and that spleen in fetuses temporarily offset the effects of AlCl3
Survey of the Consumption of Energy Drinks and Frequency of Obesity in a Population of Academics from Casablanca  [PDF]
Imane M'Touguy, Nadia Iounes, Fatema Zehra Mahfoud, Marwa Chhail, Amine El Khatib, Rachid Saile, Souad El Amrani, Houriya Mestaghanmi
Open Access Library Journal (OALib Journal) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1103259
Abstract:
Background: An energy drinks supposed to give a boost of energy to the consumer. It usually contains caffeine and lot of sugar. We studied the risks associated with the consumption of these drinks, the conditions in which they are consumed and the frequency of obesity in the determination of body mass index among 195 students of the Faculty of Sciences Ben M’Sik. Methods: This is a survey conducted by students of the Ben M’sik Faculty of Sciences, Hassan II Casablanca University, during the year 2015, using a questionnaire exploring the consumption of energy drinks. Results: Our study shows 195 of surveyed students consuming energy drinks, of which 22.0% are girls and 78.0% are boys, of which 16.5% were overweight, 5.5% moderate and 2% severe obesity. 9.2% of students consume them to quench the thirst, 10.8% to bring their body energy, 7.7% for their taste, 21.5% to mitigate fatigue, 6.2% to stimulate and 44.6% for all the reasons cited. 4.6% say they associate them with tobacco, 4.0% with alcohol and 6.8% with some drugs during review periods. The consequences of poisoning these drinks can be serious health and manifest as tachycardia (3.2%), agitation or confusion (29.3%), abdominal pain (7.9%), hypertension (19.4%). These symptoms experienced are significantly higher among consumers of these drinks compared to controls. Witnesses consume either energy drinks or sugary drinks. Discussion/Conclusion: That frequent consumption of energy drinks may pose a risk and a danger to the health of consumers, hence the need for awareness especially young people against their effects. Public health organizations must also keep a close watch on this new trend.
Quality of Life Assessment with EQ-5D-3L in a Moroccan Diabetic Population  [PDF]
Fatima Zahra Kehailou, Mohammed Jabari, Ali Labriji, Meryem Meftah El Khair, Hind Bouzoubaa, Ghizlane Ouasmyne, Oumaima El Moukhtari, Souad El Amrani, Houriya Mestaghanmi
Open Access Library Journal (OALib Journal) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1107357
Abstract: Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disease that impairs the lifestyle of patients in different physical, mental and social dimensions. This study aims to investigate the determinants of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in diabetics. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 526 diabetic patients followed in 2019 at the Hygiene Department of the Sidi Othmane district (Casablanca). The data were collected using a questionnaire gathering the demographic, clinical and paraclinical information of patients, as well as a description of health status in the 5 dimensions by the EQ-5D questionnaire. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 software. The determinants of quality of life were assessed using the ANOVA test and the Pearson correlation test. The result is considered statistically significant at 0.05. The average quality of life score based on the EQ-5D-3L scale and the VAS analog visual scale was 0.52 ± 0.34 and 55.47 ± 15.50, respectively. Severe problems were observed in anxiety/depression dimensions in 19.20% of patients, while the highest percentages for moderate problems were for the pain/physical discomfort and mobility dimensions (53.80% and 36.90% respectively). The average scores of the EQ-5D-3L and visual analogue scale (VAS) were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with age, gender, education, marital status, professional activity and complications. It follows from this study that the HRQoL of the population of diabetics studied is influenced by many factors, which must be considered in order to achieve better management of diabetes and improve their quality of life.
Impact of Eating Habits and Lifestyle on the Oral Health Status of a Casablanca’s Academic Population  [PDF]
Houriya Mestaghanmi, Ali Labriji, Imane M’Touguy, Fatima Zahra Kehailou, Said Idhammou, Nabil Kobb, Fatema Zahra Mahfoud, Ahmadaye Ibrahim Khalil, Souad El Amrani
Open Access Library Journal (OALib Journal) , 2018, DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1104967
Abstract:
Introduction: Bad eating habits can have serious impact on oral health. Objec-tives: To study the impact of eating habits and dental hygiene practices on the dental status of students. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 400 students aged 17 and more, from the Ben M’Sik Sciences Faculty. A questionnaire on the so-cio-economic level of the parents, the eating habits, the means of hygiene and the oral health status has been filled in anonymously by the respondents. Uni-variate and multivariate descriptive and comparative analyzes were per-formed by the software SPSS 21. Results: The population’s average age is 20 ± 1.59 years old consisted of 55% of boys and 45% of girls. The breakfast is consumed by 67% of students. 39.58% respondents consume sweetened drinks during the meals and 60% at the end of meals and 66% are snacking during the day. 92% of students say they brush their teeth. The brushing time varies between 1 and 3 minutes. 37% of students do never consult a dentist and 63% in case of dental problems. The prevalence of caries is 66%. There is a positive association between the prevalence of tooth decay and certain eating habits (sweet things consumption (p = 0.08), cakes (p = 0.018) and chocolate (p = 0.019) outside of meals). However, this correlation is negative, when the consumption of these foods is done during meals (p > 0.74). On the other hand, there was no correlation between alcohol consumption and presence of caries (p = 0.172), tobacco consumption (p = 0.319), and socioeconomic status parents (p = 0.733). Conclusion: Oral hygiene and regular monitoring by a dentist with healthy eating habits can have a significant impact on the oral status of students.
Study of the Association between the Consumption of Dietary Supplements and Lifestyle Factors in a Population of Moroccan Academics during the COVID 19 Health Crisis  [PDF]
Houriya Mestaghanmi, Ali Labriji, Fatima Zahra Kehailou, Abderazzak Sabri, Chaimaa Ait Barka, Hind Bouzoubaa, Imane M’Touguy, Mohammed Jabari, Souad El Amrani
Open Access Library Journal (OALib Journal) , 2021, DOI: 10.4236/oalib.1107585
Abstract: The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of dietary supplement (DS) consumption by students, their perception of it during Covid 19 confinement, as well as the factors associated with it. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out online with a questionnaire, with a population of 350 students from Casablanca (Morocco), from March to May, 2020. The consumption pattern of DS, socio-demographic characteristics and lifestyle were collected. The association between the different factors was made by Pearson’s correlation analysis. 69.4% of participants consume DS of which 32% are boys and 27.4% are girls. The most prominent reason for taking DS was to fight fatigue and combat stress (19.8%), and participants preferred to buy them in pharmacies and drugstores (55.5%), on medical prescription. (32.77%) or on the advice of a pharmacist (7.92%). 50.60% consumed vitamins, minerals and/or trace elements, 4.5% proteins/Amino acids and 4% fish oils. About a third (35%) consumed more than one type of supplement at the same time. 45.54% used them occasionally, 17.92% regularly and 6.08 frequently. 48.4% respected the recommended daily doses. Supplementation was significantly associated with body mass index, physical activity, socioeconomic level and is slightly conditioned by dietary practices. 32.5% think that DS is harmless to health; 21.27% that regular consumption can prevent some diseases; 46.23% that excessive consumption can present health risks. These risks could be related to some components of DS. 21.78% of respondent’s experience real satisfaction after consuming DS; 34.65% feel better; while 2.97% think they have no effect. Students seemed more likely to consume DS during confinement than the general population, which raises questions related to their impact on health. Thus, awareness campaigns for students on the risks and dangers of these substances are necessary. Strict regulations to ensure their job security are recommended.
Effect of the Number and Orientation of Fractures on the P-Wave Velocity Diminution: Application on the Building Stones of the Rabat Area (Morocco)  [PDF]
Hamid El Azhari, Iz-Eddine El Amrani El Hassani
Geomaterials (GM) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/gm.2013.33010
Abstract: This study is focused on two types of Moroccan rocks, among the most widely used as building stones: the calcarenite of Salé (CS) and the marble of oued Akrech (MA). The two rocks, lithologically different, show a clear contrast of their P-wave velocities (Vp): 3.90 vs 5.10 km/s at dry state and 4.29 vs 5.64 km/s at saturation. The “Artificial fractures” created in the two rock types reveal that their Vp undergo diminutions which the rates vary depending of the number and the plane orientation of the fractures. In the CS, Vp shows an increasing of cumulative diminution (Dc) according to the number of fractures, but with a variable rate of unitary diminution (Du) from one fracture to the other. This defines a linear regression with a low coefficient of determination (Dc = 10.18NbFr + 10.96; r2 = 0.87). The mode of the Vp evolution would be related to the roughness of fractures surface, which itself depends upon the petrographic nature of the calcarenite (friable structure, high porosity and heterogenous composition). The MA manifested an increasing Dc with a fairly constant rate of Du from a fracture to another, giving a regression line with a high coefficient of determination (Dc = 12.17NbFr – 10.69; r2 = 0.99). This steady diminution of Vp would be related to the granoblastic texture and the monomineral composition of the marble, which engender smoother fracture surfaces. The rates of Vp diminution also depend on the orientation plane of the fractures relative to the direction of wave propagation. The fractures parallel (θ = 0°) amplify slightly the Vp, playing a significant role of “waveguide”. The fractures oriented at 45° lead to a diminution lower than those of fractures oriented at 25° and 90°. The same trend of diminution, but at variable rates, appears on the samples of the two types of stones at dry and saturated state. This can be explained by the compressive nature of P-waves, which obey the physic laws of the transmission of the constraints in the solid mediums.
Composition and Refractory Properties of Mixtures of Moroccan Silica-Alumina Geomaterials and Alumina  [PDF]
Chaouki Sadik, Iz-Edinne El Amrani, Abderahman Albizane
New Journal of Glass and Ceramics (NJGC) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/njgc.2013.32010
Abstract:


Five mixtures (M1 to M5) of silica-alumina geomaterials and two varieties of alumina (AP and AR) were used for the elaboration of mullite refractory materials between 1500℃ and 1600℃. An X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that the refractory samples are composed of mullite, corundum and silica. The length of the mullite crystals was measured by a method of image analysis of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical and mechanical properties of these materials were investigated and correlated with their microstructure. Resistance towards Acid Attack test showed that the refractory samples present good resistance, as well as, the alumina powder AR obtained from waste of silica-alumina bricks proves to be efficient for an eventual use.


Effect of Carbon Graphite on the Crystallization of Andalusite: Application to the Synthesis of Mullite and the Improvement of Refractory Quality  [PDF]
Chaouki Sadik, Iz-Eddine El Amrani, Abderrahman Albizane
Materials Sciences and Applications (MSA) , 2013, DOI: 10.4236/msa.2013.46044
Abstract:

Different mixtures of Moroccan silica-alumina geomaterials were used for the preparation of refractory ceramics. A formula of composition (M2) has allowed obtaining a good quality of refractory. Addition of a small quantity of carbon (1%) to the M2 formula has substantially improved the quality of the refractory. The morphological, textural and mineralogical evolution, through SEM and XRD shows that the addition of carbon, which plays a catalytic role, favors the crystallization of andalusite. Then, from 1200°C, the andalusite starts to transform to primary mullite needles. At 1400°C, the mullite becomes the major mineral phase beside cristobalite and vitreous phase.

Thermoelectric Properties of ZnO-P2O5/(Ni) Composites  [PDF]
Omar Oabi, Abdelkarim Maaroufi, Bruno Lucas, Aumeur El Amrani
New Journal of Glass and Ceramics (NJGC) , 2016, DOI: 10.4236/njgc.2016.63003
Abstract: The overall purpose of the present study is basically to understand the manifestation of the thermo-electrical properties of the matrix ZnO-P2O5 first, and of the ZnO-P2O5 composites loaded with different volume fractions of nickel (Ni) as conductive fillers. In the matrix ZnO-P2O5, the values of electrical conductivity varied between 1.14 × 10-8 and 7.8 × 10-7 (S/cm), and the Seebeck coefficient value varied between minimal value 265 and maximal value 670 (μV/K) in the studied temperature. In composite ZnO-P2O5/Ni, it was shown that the Seebeck coefficient changed from high positive to negative values when the filler amount was increased, indicating a non-conducting to conducting phase transition. Such behavior exhibits that this transition is accompanied by the passing of carrier charge from p to n type. The study of thermoelectrically transport for high volume fraction of filler enabled the achievement, for the first time on this kind of composites, of an original transition called PTC transition. Thus, highest values of power factor (PF = S2 ≈ 2 × 10-3 W·m-1·K-2 at 407 K) were obtained, giving a possibility of industrial applications.


Effect of a microbial-based acaricidal product on spotted and predatory spider mites
M Lagziri, A El Amrani
African Crop Science Journal , 2009,
Abstract: Tetranychus urticae is one of the most important pests of strawberry cultures in Morocco. Current control of this pest relies almost exclusively on acaricides. Unfortunately, this mite has developed resistance to most of the available acaricides. Moreover, insecticide treatments are responsible for the reduction or suppression of beneficial species such as natural predators. Thus, identification of selective pesticides that are more toxic to pest species than on natural enemies, is urgently needed. This study assessed the effectiveness of abamectin, a microbial-based miticide, and bifenthrin, a synthetic one, on two-spotted spider mites, Tetranychus urticae and predatory mites, Phytoseiulus persimilis. Laboratory tests were conducted to determine the direct and residual effects of two miticides (abamectin and bifenthrin) at several doses in geometric progression. Firstly, the direct efficacy of the two acaricides was evaluated against T. urticae and P. persimilis. Abamectin had high efficacy on T. urticae and significantly less toxicity against P. persimilis. Results indicated an effective control of T. urticae, at least 2 weeks after abamectin foliar application. Thus, abamectin could be recommended as a selective acaricide in integrated mite management programmes because of its strong efficacy on pests, its persistence and its limited toxicity on predatory mites.
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